Matches at all levels in England, Wales and Northern Ireland have been postponed, while in Scotland only senior games have been affected.
However, several other sports are continuing as planned, including cricket, golf, rugby union and horse racing.
Dan Roan, BBC sports editor
After the Queen died on Thursday, football's governing bodies convened on Friday to discuss the best course of action for the upcoming weekend's fixtures.
The government's national mourning guidance advised that cancelling games was not obligatory, leaving the decision to individual sports.
The Football Associations of England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland all confirmed on Friday that fixtures would be postponed as a mark of respect.
The Premier League said the decision not to go ahead with its 10 games this weekend was made to honour the Queen's "extraordinary life and contribution to the nation".
In a rare example of unity, football's authorities are understood to feel that - unlike other sports that have already paused events this week, like racing, cricket and golf - football has not yet had a chance to stop, reflect and show its respects.
Many people disagree of course, and feel matches would have provided fans with an opportunity to pay tribute. There is understandable sympathy for those who have spent money on tickets and transport, and now have to change plans at short notice, especially with so many other events in other sports going ahead.
The decision to stop grassroots and school sport is also contentious, especially after so much football was lost during the pandemic, even if it is just for one weekend.
But the FA is known to be mindful of football's status as the national sport at this historic moment, and the close ties the sport had with the Queen, who was patron of the FA, while Prince William is its president.
West Ham's Europa Conference League game against FCSB went ahead on Thursday
With it being part of this weekend's round of fixtures, Monday's Premier League game between Leeds and Nottingham Forest was also called off.
But after that there are Champions League, Europa League, Europa Conference League and English Football League games taking place in midweek.
European games on Thursday evening went ahead as scheduled, with a minute's silence observed in matches involving British teams.
Uefa has not yet provided an update on next week's games involving British sides, but Manchester City's Champions League game with Borussia Dortmund on Wednesday is due to go ahead as planned.
BBC Sport has been told City are able to provide the policing needed, so the game will take place as scheduled at Etihad Stadium.
Rangers, who host Napoli in the Champions League on Tuesday, said in a statement they are in discussions with Uefa but "at present, the game is scheduled to take place at the scheduled date and time".
Manchester United have confirmed their Europa League game with FC Sheriff in Moldova next Thursday will take place as scheduled "following discussions with the relevant governing bodies and in line with guidance issued by the UK government".
Aston Villa players and staff paid their respects to Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II with a minute's silence on Friday
The EFL has not yet issued an update yet on its round of midweek games.
As for next weekend's fixtures, they are currently taking place as planned although that could change depending on when details of the Queen's state funeral are provided.
The funeral is expected to take place at Westminster Abbey in less than two weeks, but the exact day will be confirmed by Buckingham Palace.
If it takes place next weekend then fixtures could again be postponed. Policing games could be a factor in the decision if they are redeployed to London en masse before the Queen's funeral.
There are currently three matches scheduled to take place in the capital over Saturday and Sunday. The Premier League is understood to be talking to its clubs, while the Metropolitan Police has been asked for a comment.
Tottenham play Leicester on Saturday evening, while Brentford face Arsenal and Chelsea are at home to Liverpool on Sunday 18 September.
Simon Stone, BBC Sport
Finding room in the packed English football calendar for a full round of Premier League fixtures (and possibly two) is going to be complicated.
In a unique season that includes a winter World Cup - and restarts on 20 December with the Carabao Cup fourth round, space is severely limited.
There is no spare midweek from now until the season ends on 3 June that exists without a purpose.
Two, 17 January and 7 February, are for FA Cup third and fourth-round replays. Three more, 4 April, 2 May and 23 May, are for matches that have been postponed on the weekends of the EFL Cup final and the FA Cup sixth round and semi-finals.
Two January midweeks are for the individual legs of the EFL Cup semi-finals. Eight midweeks are reserved for Uefa matches - and the European governing body is resistant to domestic games being played at the same time as its matches. And two midweeks in March form part of the final mid-season international break.
Discussions will start next week about how to resolve the issue. The respective governing bodies are relaxed about the situation given they dealt with similar calendar issues during the 2020-21 Covid-19-affected season.
Then, FA Cup replays were scrapped and the EFL Cup semi-finals were played as one game.
Answers will be similarly difficult now.
-- Courtesy of BBC Sport